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<title>Theropithecus brumpti</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><i>Theropithecus brumpti</i></span>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><i>Theropithecus brumpti</i><br><div style="font-size: 85%;">Temporal range: <a href="Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a></div>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Skull cast of <i>T. brumpti</i>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class=" taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span></span>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a>

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<td>Phylum:

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<td><a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a>

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<td>Class:

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<td><a href="Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a>

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<td>Order:

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<td><a href="Primate" title="Primate">Primates</a>

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<td>Suborder:

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<td><a href="Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">Haplorhini</a>

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<td>Infraorder:

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<td><a href="Simian" title="Simian">Simiiformes</a>

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<td>Family:

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<td><a href="Old_World_monkey" title="Old World monkey">Cercopithecidae</a>

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<td>Genus:

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<td><a href="Theropithecus" title="Theropithecus"><i>Theropithecus</i></a>

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<td>Species:

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<td><div style="display:inline" class="species">†<i><b>T. brumpti</b></i></div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span><i>Theropithecus brumpti</i></span></b><br><div style="font-size: 85%;">Arambourg, 1947</div>

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<p><i><b>Theropithecus brumpti</b></i> was a large <a href="Terrestrial_animal" title="Terrestrial animal">terrestrial</a> <a href="Monkey" title="Monkey">monkey</a> that lived in the mid to late <a href="Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a>. It is an extinct species of <a href="Papionini" title="Papionini">papionin</a>.

</p><p>This <a href="Fossil" title="Fossil">fossil</a> <a href="Primate" title="Primate">primate</a> is mostly known from skulls and mandibles found in Pliocene deposits excavated in the <a href="Shungura_Formation" title="Shungura Formation">Shungura Formation</a>, at the <a href="Omo_River_(Ethiopia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Omo River (Ethiopia)">Omo River</a>, <a href="Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>. Both <i>T. brumpti</i> and its cousin, the extant <a href="Gelada" title="Gelada">gelada</a> (<i>T. gelada</i>), were related to the <a href="Baboon" title="Baboon">baboon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TurnerAnton_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TurnerAnton-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2></div>

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Similar to most other such animals, <i>T. brumpti</i> was <a href="Quadrupedal" class="mw-redirect" title="Quadrupedal">quadrupedal</a> with highly dexterous, manipulative hands. Males grew very large, as evidenced by a specimen found at <a href="Lomekwi" title="Lomekwi">Lomekwi</a>, <a href="Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>, which was estimated to have weighed approximately 43.8 kilograms.<sup id="cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JablonskiLeakey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (In comparison, the male gelada averages around 20 kilograms <sup id="cite_ref-Hiller_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hiller-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In addition, the male was most likely very colorful, with the female smaller and less colorful; the species displayed a high degree of sexual dimorphism.<sup id="cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JablonskiLeakey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like most papionins, the male possessed large canine teeth, primarily for display.<sup id="cite_ref-TurnerAnton_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TurnerAnton-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p>

<p><i>Theropithecus brumpti</i> was most likely a <a href="Folivore" title="Folivore">folivore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JablonskiLeakey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large muscles in the long muzzle suggest <i>T. brumpti</i> ate tough vegetation, and was capable of breaking and eating large nuts.<sup id="cite_ref-TurnerAnton_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TurnerAnton-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat">Habitat</h2></div>

<p>This species was largely terrestrial, with the size of adult males making any significant <a href="Arboreal" class="mw-redirect" title="Arboreal">arboreal</a> lifestyle unlikely. From the locations of <i>T. brumpti</i> finds, the species lived in <a href="Riverine" class="mw-redirect" title="Riverine">riverine</a> forest habitats.<sup id="cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JablonskiLeakey-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFTurner,_AlanAntón,_Mauricio2004" class="citation book cs1">Turner, Alan; Antón, Mauricio (2004). <i>Evolving Eden, An Illustrated Guide to the Evolution of the African Large-Mammal Fauna</i>. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 55.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-JablonskiLeakey-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JablonskiLeakey_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJablonski,_Nina_G.Leakey,_Meave_G.Klarey,_ChristopherAntón,_Mauricio2002" class="citation journal cs1">Jablonski, Nina G.; <a href="Meave_Leakey" title="Meave Leakey">Leakey, Meave G.</a>; Klarey, Christopher; Antón, Mauricio (December 2002). "A New Skeleton of <i>Theropithecus brumpti</i> (Primates: Cercopithecidae) from Lomekwi, West Turkana, Kenya". <i>Journal of Human Evolution</i>. <b>43</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">887–</span>923. <a href="Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002JHumE..43..887J">2002JHumE..43..887J</a>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1006%2Fjhev.2002.0607">10.1006/jhev.2002.0607</a>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12473488">12473488</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-Hiller-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hiller_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHiller2000" class="citation web cs1">Hiller, C. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Theropithecus_gelada.html">""Theropithecus gelada" (On-line)"</a>. <i>Animal Diversity Web</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-04-12</span></span>.</cite></span>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers579" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers579" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Taxon identifiers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Theropithecus brumpti</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7783300" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q7783300">Q7783300</a></span></span></span></li>

<li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=385503">385503</a></span></span></li></ul>

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